Datasets

This catalogue collects 45 estimate-level datasets from the empirical meta-analyses on this site, each in a standard format.

There are two products here. The archive publishes each paper's original file with automatic CSV and Parquet conversions, a codebook and a DOI. The harmonised table pools those datasets into one file with a common set of columns, so they can be compared across literatures, and it is stable as of version 1.1.1. For one paper's data use the archive; to work across literatures use the harmonised table, and read its caveats below.

One file, every literature

49,669 estimate-level rows from 41 literatures in a single table, with the effect, its standard error, the sample size, and the characteristics that recur across literatures.

Distribution of absolute t-statistics across 49,669 estimates Most estimates sit below the conventional thresholds. In a 0.05-wide window either side of 1.96 there are 508 estimates just below and 633 just above. At 1.645 and 2.576 the count falls as the threshold is crossed. 1.645 1.96 2.576 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 |t| 1667 0 1.96 1.71 2.21 a 0.5-wide caliper, its own scale 633

Where the estimates fall. Absolute t-statistics for all 49,669 pooled estimates; the first panel shows the 81% below 6, and the second panel magnifies half a unit around 1.96 on its own vertical scale. In equal 0.05-wide bins ([1.91, 1.96) against [1.96, 2.01), so an estimate reported as exactly 1.96 counts as above) there are 508 estimates just below and 633 just above, 1.25 times as many. The observed step is modest, and it is specific to that one threshold: at 1.645 and at 2.576 the count falls as they are crossed instead of jumping. What the picture shows is the shape of the distribution; it does not measure p-hacking. Selective reporting, specification search and genuinely large effects all leave marks here, and estimates are clustered within studies. The bin counts are in t_distribution.csv.

estimates_harmonised.csv

Also as Parquet, which is smaller and keeps column types.

df <- read.csv("https://meta-analysis.cz/data/v1/estimates_harmonised.csv")
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_parquet("https://meta-analysis.cz/data/v1/estimates_harmonised.parquet")

Raw effect levels are not comparable across literatures. An elasticity, a partial correlation and a dollar value per tonne of carbon all sit in the same column; effect_units records which is which. Analyse within each literature. Comparing across them needs an explicitly standardised measure, and relative changes are meaningful only where the baseline is safely away from zero.

The harmonised table is version 1.1.1: 49,669 observations from 41 literatures. Every row records the file and the columns it came from, so any value can be traced back to its published dataset.

Known issues in this release

Present in the files published here and in the archived v1.1.1 deposit. Kept as published rather than silently altered. Nothing else in the table is affected by these.

  • 75 estimates labelled a partial correlation cannot be one: outside [-1, 1] altogether, class (2 rows), to |1.372|, and at exactly ±1 while carrying a positive standard error, which is not a coherent effect/error pair: class (73 rows). They are kept as published, and publication-bias tests on an affected literature are sensitive to them. Correction is scheduled for the next data revision; until then filter on abs(effect) < 1.

All 41 pooled literatures are verified: 21 domain-reviewed against the paper's own replication code or, where a paper ships none, against its published results, and 20 code-traced. Every dataset publishes an audit_status saying which it is.

One literature at a time

The converted source files hold 66,683 rows, every one keeping the variables coded for its original paper. After applying each paper's analysis selection and, where necessary, reshaping the source data into estimate-level observations, the catalogue below represents 55,274 estimates. The CSV and Parquet are automatic conversions carrying one data sheet per source workbook, the one named in datasets.json; any other sheet is absent, and no column is independently re-checked. For anything load-bearing, work from the original file.

Each dataset is also published on its own, with all of the variables coded for its paper rather than the shared subset, and a codebook describing every column.

The Estimates column counts what each literature contributes to the pooled table; for the datasets that are not pooled, it counts the rows in the published file after the paper's own analysis filters. Neither is always the number in the paper's abstract: a published file is usually the analysis subset rather than the full collection, a pooled contribution can be smaller still where estimates overlap another literature (trust contributes the 284 rows size does not already carry, out of 1,613 in its file), and two literatures contribute a row per impulse-response horizon. datasets.json carries both counts and a reconciliation for every dataset where they differ.

45 datasets, 55,274 estimates in their analysis samples (66,683 rows in the source files). 41 literatures are pooled into the harmonised table.

Literature Estimates Effect measure Data Paper
Forward Premium Puzzle 3,643 regression coefficient CSV Parquet codebook How Puzzling Is the Forward Premium Puzzle? A Meta-Analysis
European Economic Review · 2021
Armington Elasticity 3,524 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Estimating the Armington Elasticity: The Importance of Study Design and Publication Bias
Journal of International Economics · 2020
Price Elasticity of Electricity Demand 3,324 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Electricity demand has not become more price-responsive despite ninety years of technological change
Working paper · 2026
Capital-Labor Substitution 3,186 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Measuring Capital-Labor Substitution: The Importance of Method Choices and Publication Bias
Review of Economic Dynamics · 2022
Excess Sensitivity of Consumption 3,127 regression coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Do Consumers Really Follow a Rule of Thumb? Three Thousand Estimates from 144 Studies Say 'Probably Not'
Review of Economic Dynamics · 2020
Class Size and Student Achievement 2,819 partial correlation coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Publication Bias and Model Uncertainty in Measuring the Effect of Class Size on Achievement
Journal of Labor Economics · 2025
Elasticity of Intertemporal Substitution 2,735 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Measuring Intertemporal Substitution: The Importance of Method Choices and Selective Reporting
Journal of the European Economic Association · 2015
Cross-Country Heterogeneity in Intertemporal Substitution not pooled 2,735 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Cross-Country Heterogeneity in Intertemporal Substitution
Journal of International Economics · 2015
Vertical Spillovers from FDI 2,421 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Estimating Vertical Spillovers from FDI: Why Results Vary and What the True Effect Is
Journal of International Economics · 2011
Firm Size and Stock Returns 1,631 percent CSV Parquet codebook Firm Size and Stock Returns: A Quantitative Survey
Journal of Economic Surveys · 2019
Monetary Policy and House Prices 1,555 semi-elasticity (proportional) CSV Parquet codebook When Does Monetary Policy Sway House Prices? A Meta-Analysis
IMF Economic Review · 2023
Transmission Lags of Monetary Policy not pooled 1,519 months CSV Parquet codebook Transmission Lags of Monetary Policy: A Meta-Analysis
International Journal of Central Banking · 2013
The Price Puzzle 1,395 proportional change in the price level CSV Parquet codebook How to Solve the Price Puzzle? A Meta-Analysis
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking · 2013
Financial Development and Economic Growth 1,334 partial correlation coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Financial Development and Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis
Journal of Economic Surveys · 2015
National Borders and Trade 1,271 semi-elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Do Borders Really Slash Trade? A Meta-Analysis
IMF Economic Review · 2017
Shareholder Activism and Firm Value 1,254 percent CSV Parquet codebook Does Shareholder Activism Create Value? A Meta-Analysis
Corporate Governance: An International Review · 2025
Financial Incentives and Performance 1,252 partial correlation coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Financial Incentives and Performance: A Meta-Analysis of Experiments in Economics
Journal of Political Economy Microeconomics · 2026
Horizontal Spillovers from FDI 1,205 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Determinants of Horizontal Spillovers from FDI: Evidence from a Large Meta-Analysis
World Development · 2013
Beauty and Professional Success 1,159 percent CSV Parquet codebook Meta-Analysis of Field Studies on Beauty and Professional Success
Working paper · 2025
Native and Immigrant Labor Substitution 1,091 negative inverse elasticity CSV Parquet codebook The Elasticity of Substitution between Native and Immigrant Labor: A Meta-Analysis
Working paper · 2026
Heterogeneity in Hedge Fund Performance 1,019 percent CSV Parquet codebook What Matters in Explaining the Variation in Hedge Fund Performance?
Working paper · 2026
Hedge Fund Performance not pooled 1,019 percent CSV Parquet codebook Is research on hedge fund performance published selectively? A quantitative survey
Journal of Economic Surveys · 2024
Relative Risk Aversion 1,018 relative risk aversion coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Relative Risk Aversion: A Meta-Analysis
Journal of Economic Surveys · 2025
Skilled-Unskilled Labor Substitution 965 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Publication and Attenuation Biases in Measuring Skill Substitution
Review of Economics and Statistics · 2024
Student Employment and Education 861 partial correlation coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Student Employment and Education: A Meta-Analysis
Economics of Education Review · 2024
Optimal Inflation Rate 702 percentage points CSV Parquet codebook Optimal Inflation Rate: A Meta-Analysis
Working paper · 2026
Income Elasticity of Gasoline Demand 701 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Income Elasticity of Gasoline Demand: A Meta-Analysis
Energy Economics · 2015
Natural Resources and Economic Growth 605 partial correlation coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Natural Resources and Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis
World Development · 2016
Social Cost of Carbon 602 US dollars per tonne of carbon CSV Parquet codebook Selective Reporting and the Social Cost of Carbon
Energy Economics · 2015
Bank Competition and Financial Stability 598 partial correlation coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Bank Competition and Financial Stability: Much Ado About Nothing?
Journal of Economic Surveys · 2016
Habit Formation in Consumption 597 habit persistence parameter CSV Parquet codebook Habit Formation in Consumption: A Meta-Analysis
European Economic Review · 2017
Individual Discount Rates 539 annual discount rate CSV Parquet codebook Individual Discount Rates: A Meta-Analysis of Experimental Evidence
Experimental Economics · 2022
Female Directors and ESG Ratings 533 ESG rating points CSV Parquet codebook Do Female Directors Raise ESG Ratings? A Meta-Analysis
Working paper · 2026
Intertemporal Substitution in Labor Supply 532 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Intertemporal Substitution in Labor Supply: A Meta-Analysis
Review of Economic Dynamics · 2023
Remittances and Economic Growth 490 partial correlation coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Remittances and Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis
World Development · 2020
Tuition and Demand for Higher Education 442 partial correlation coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Tuition Fees and University Enrolment: A Meta-Regression Analysis
Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics · 2018
FDI Spillovers in the Czech Republic not pooled 332 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Foreign Capital and Domestic Productivity in the Czech Republic: A Meta-Regression Analysis
Applied Economics · 2020
Income Elasticity of Water Demand 307 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Measuring the Income Elasticity of Water Demand: The Importance of Publication and Endogeneity Biases
Land Economics · 2018
Effect of COVID-19 on Learning 291 standardised mean difference CSV Parquet codebook Publication Bias and P-Hacking in the Effect of COVID-19 on Learning
Working paper · 2026
Trust, Rule of Law, and the Size Premium 284 percent CSV Parquet codebook Trust, Rule of Law, and the Size Premium: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis
Working paper · 2026
Structural Reforms and Economic Growth 245 partial correlation coefficient CSV Parquet codebook Structural Reforms and Growth in Transition: A Meta-Analysis
Economics of Transition · 2014
Price Elasticity of Gasoline Demand 202 elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Demand for Gasoline is More Price-Inelastic than Commonly Thought
Energy Economics · 2012
Daylight Saving and Electricity Use 101 percent CSV Parquet codebook Does Daylight Saving Save Electricity? A Meta-Analysis
Energy Journal · 2018
Euro Adoption and Trade 61 semi-elasticity CSV Parquet codebook Rose Effect and the Euro: Is the Magic Gone?
Review of World Economics · 2010
Anthropogenic Climate Change 48 degrees Celsius CSV Parquet codebook Publication Bias in Measuring Anthropogenic Climate Change
Energy and Environment · 2015

Published but not pooled

Four datasets are published but stay out of the pooled table: two carry no per-estimate standard error, and two duplicate a dataset already included, which would otherwise be counted twice.

fdi
no per-estimate precision exists: the file has no standard error, t-statistic, weight or inverse-SE column, so SE-based synthesis is impossible
hedge
duplicate of alphas: identical estimates, row for row
lags
outcome is the transmission lag (mon_bot, months to the price trough); it has no sampling standard error, so it cannot enter an effect/SE table
substitution
duplicate of eis: identical estimates, row for row

Machine-readable

The whole collection is available as JSON: an index of every dataset with paper, DOI, file URLs and column roles, a Frictionless data package, and a Croissant record. Full documentation is in the API README.

Licence and citation

Everything here is CC BY 4.0, including for training, provided you give credit. The licence file states the terms, and the citation for the collection is in the footer of every page.

Each dataset was assembled for a specific paper. When you use one, cite that paper. The index carries every paper's title, authors and DOI. That is how attribution under CC BY is satisfied here.

The Zenodo identifier in that footer is the concept DOI: it always resolves to the newest version. In a replication package, where the exact files matter, cite this release instead: 10.5281/zenodo.22050272, version 1.1.1.

The papers themselves, with their abstracts, figures, and replication packages, are on the main catalogue.